Friday, 22 February, 2019
  • Science
  • Past year was Earth's fourth-hottest on record, scientists confirm

Past year was Earth's fourth-hottest on record, scientists confirm

Firefighter Jose Corona sprays water as flames from the Camp fire consume a home in Magalia California in November 2018 ASSOCIATED PRESS Firefighter Jose Corona sprays water as flames from the Camp fire consume a home in Magalia California in November 2018
Doris Mccormick | 08 February, 2019, 18:16

It was also nominally the warmest year for Europe (and particularly the hottest in France, Germany and Switzerland) since continental records began in 1910.

"2015 was the first year that global annual average surface temperatures reached 1.0 °C above pre-industrial levels and the following three years have all remained close to this level", Adam Scaife, head of Long-Range Prediction at the Met Office, said Wednesday in a news release.

The lines plotted on this graph show yearly temperature anomalies from 1880 to 2018, compared to the 1951-1980 global average, as recorded by NASA, NOAA, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), the Berkeley Earth group, and the UK Met Office.

"2018 is yet again an extremely warm year on top of a long-term global warming trend", said GISS Director Gavin Schmidt.

Weather dynamics mean warming affects regions in different ways. "You do tend to see some bouncing up and down superimposed upon a long-term trend", Deke Arndt, who leads global monitoring at NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information, said during the news conference.

"The five warmest years have, in fact, been the last five years".

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Increasing temperatures can also contribute to longer fire seasons and some extreme weather events, according to Schmidt.

As parts of the mid-western United States were gripped by a "polar vortex" last week that saw temperatures plunge to lows of -64 degrees Fahrenheit (-53C), US President Donald Trump suggested that the cold weather front cast doubt over the veracity of climate change data.

Scientists found that the Arctic has experienced the most warming, contributing to global sea level rise. Mass loss from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets combined to add to sea level rise.

The warming is driven largely by the continued emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere by human activity, such as manufacturing, coal-fired power plant emissions, and deforestation.

NASA's global temperature analyses use surface temperature recordings from 6,300 weather stations around the world, incorporating ship- and buoy-based measurements of ocean surface temperatures as well as measurements of surface temperatures from Antarctic research outposts.

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